PILOT’S HANDBOOK
Piaggio P-166
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What are you
going to fly?
The Piaggio P-166 is a light, small twin. The first P-166A flew in 1957
and today the P-166DP-1 is the latest turboprop evolution. What made
the P-166 popular since it’s first days was it’s
amazing comfort. The interior cabin lets you just stay in feet inside it. This
feature appeared later only in the ‘80s with the concept known as
“Wide-bodies”. It was a great performer too: a nice great MAX speed for its
kind at it’s time: It almost reached 190 KIAS. The P-166 is a derivative of the
amphibian P-136, so it’s well fitted to resist corrosion and hard stress. The
P-166 made it well even in the hard weather of Alaska.
Certainly a very reliable aircraft. The
flexibility of
it’s design characteristics make it to be still a very competitive
plane as of today, despite all the modifications that made this almost
vintage twin
a modern short-to-medium range comfortable transport. Pilots have
always good
opinions about it, as it performs very stable and easy to fly. With a
little
practice you can land the P-166 in very short spaces.
Piaggio P-166 Main Characteristics
(common to all versions):
Take Off:
After
you’re lined up with the runway, check space around the plane is free
of eventual obstacles. Apply 10° flaps, push the throttles to 100%, and
wait for the plane to reach at least 80 KIAS. Gently pull back the
stick and wait for the wheels to leave the ground. The aircraft will
lift off at around 85 KIAS. Check you’re clear, and retract flaps and
landing gear. Climb at the ideal speed, 80% throttle at least.
You’re done! Good flight..
Cruise:
All piston powered versions can be set up for maximum speed cruise by reducing RPM to 3200 RPM and MP to 45 InHG. This is the maximum continuous power setting.
Landing:
The
first thing to keep in mind here is your airspeed. Slow down by
decreasing the throttle, and at around 150 KIAS lower 10° flaps. This
will slow you down a little more, correct your descent rate (due to the
flaps lift) and lower the flaps as you loose speed, until they are
fully deployed. Now when your flaps are fully down give a little of
power to maintain a speed between 85 and 95 KIAS. Lower the gear and
check all the wheels are down and locked. If you’re landing following
an ILS this attitude is the best for a correct glideslope. When you’re
at about 10 feet above the ground, power back to idle and pitch the
nose up. The aircraft will touch the ground at around 65-75 KIAS. Avoid
the speed going below 60 KIAS, or the consequent stall will be fatal.
If you are attempting to land in a very short space, cut the throttle
back at 0% at about 20 ft from ground. The plane will speed down at
almost 60 KIAS, and touch down at 55 KIAS. Be Careful: if not done
well, this manoeuvre can easily turn you into a stall.
Reference Speeds:
Minimum manoeuvre
Speed: 90 KIAS
Stall Speed, 0°
Flaps: 75 KIAS
Stall speed, full
flaps: 65 KIAS
Piaggio P-166A:
Reference Speeds:
MAX Speed @SL: 220 KIAS
MAX Speed @ 10000 FT: 190 KIAS
Cruise Speed (Fast): 180 KIAS @ 90% Throttle (3200 RPM, MP 45 InHg)
Climb Speed: 1200 ft\min @ 110 KIAS
3.3g Corner Speed: 155 KIAS
Engines:
Avco
Lycoming GSO-480-B1C6, 6 cylinder,
Geared – Supercharged – Opposed Type, 340 HP.
Propellers:
2 x Hartzell
HC-BZ30-2BL, 3-blade.
Ø 7.8 Ft
(2.37 Meter)
MAX
Beta: 65°
MIN Beta: 15°
Gear Reduction 2:1
Flaps:
Plain Type, MAX angle is 45°, 3
positions
Damage occurs at 205 KIAS
Blow-out at 220 KIAS
Weights:
Empty: 5952 lb (2700 Kg)
MAX at Takeoff: 8213 lb (3725 Kg)
Passengers:
6 + 2 Pilots. Certified
for single pilot operation.
Fuel Tank
Capacities:
Wing Tanks: 2 x 56 Gallons (211 Litres)
Tip Tanks: 2 x 55 Gallons (208 Litres)
External Lighting
System:
NAV Green\Red on the tip tanks
Rotating RED Beacon on the top of the Vertical Fin
White NAV light on the Fuselage aft
Strobe Light on Fuselage belly
Landing and Taxi light on the nose
Piaggio P-166M:
Reference Speeds:
MAX Speed @SL: 220 KIAS
MAX Speed @ 10000 FT: 190 KIAS
Cruise Speed (Fast): 180 KIAS @ 90% Throttle (3200 RPM, MP 45 InHg)
Climb Speed: 1200 ft\min @ 110 KIAS
3.3g Corner Speed: 155 KIAS
Engines:
Avco
Lycoming GSO-480-B1C6, 6 cylinder,
Geared – Supercharged – Opposed Type, 340 HP.
Propellers:
2 x Piaggio 1033 3-blade.
Ø 7.8 Ft (2.37 Meter)
MAX Beta: 65°
MIN Beta: 15°
Gear Reduction 2:1
Flaps:
Plain Type, MAX angle is 45°, 3
positions
Damage occurs at 205 KIAS
Blow-out at 220 KIAS
Weights:
Empty: 5952 lb (2700 Kg)
MAX at Takeoff: 8213 lb (3725 Kg)
Passengers:
3 + 2 Pilots. Certified
for single pilot operation.
Fuel Tank
Capacities:
Wing Tanks: 2 x 56 Gallons (211 Litres)
Tip Tanks: 2 x 55 Gallons (208 Litres)
External Lighting
System:
NAV Green\Red on the tip tanks
Rotating RED Beacon on the top of the Vertical Fin
White NAV light on the Fuselage aft
Strobe Light on Fuselage belly
Landing and Taxi light on the nose
Piaggio P-166S:
Reference Speeds:
MAX Speed @SL: 220 KIAS
MAX Speed @ 10000 FT: 190 KIAS
Cruise Speed (Fast): 180 KIAS @ 90% Throttle (3200 RPM, MP 45 InHg)
Climb Speed: 1200 ft\min @ 110 KIAS
3.3g Corner Speed: 155 KIAS
Engines:
Avco
Lycoming GSO-480-B1C6, 6 cylinder,
Geared – Supercharged – Opposed Type, 340 HP.
Propellers:
2 x Piaggio 1033 3-blade.
Ø 7.8 Ft (2.37 Meter)
MAX Beta: 65°
MIN Beta: 15°
Gear Reduction 2:1
Flaps:
Plain Type, MAX angle is 45°, 3
positions
Damage occurs at 205 KIAS
Blow-out at 220 KIAS
Weights:
Empty: 5952 lb (2700 Kg)
MAX at Takeoff: 8353 lb (3725 Kg)
Passengers:
4 + 2 Pilots. Certified
for single pilot operation.
Fuel Tank
Capacities:
Wing Tanks: 2 x 56 Gallons (211 Litres)
Tip Tanks: 2 x 84 Gallons (318 Litres)
External Lighting System:
NAV Green\Red on the tip tanks
Rotating RED Beacon on the top of the Vertical Fin
White NAV light on the Fuselage aft
Strobe Light on Fuselage belly
Landing lights on Tip tanks
Taxi light ahead of nose gear
Piaggio P-166BL2:
Reference Speeds:
MAX Speed @SL: 220 KIAS
MAX Speed @ 10000 FT: 190 KIAS
Cruise Speed (Fast): 180 KIAS @ 90% Throttle (3200 RPM, MP 45 InHg)
Climb Speed: 1200 ft\min @ 110 KIAS
3.3g Corner Speed: 155 KIAS
Engines:
Avco
Lycoming GSO-480-B1C6, 6 cylinder,
Geared – Supercharged – Opposed Type, 340 HP.
Propellers:
2 x Hartzell HC-BZ30-2BL, 3-blade.
Ø 7.8 Ft (2.37 Meter)
MAX Beta: 65°
MIN Beta: 15°
Gear Reduction 2:1
Flaps:
Plain Type, MAX angle is 45°, 3
positions
Damage occurs at 205 KIAS
Blow-out at 220 KIAS
Weights:
Empty: 5952 lb (2700 Kg)
MAX at Takeoff: 8708 lb (3950 Kg)
Passengers:
6 + 2 Pilots. Certified
for single pilot operation.
Fuel Tank
Capacities:
Wing Tanks: 2 x 56 Gallons (211 Litres)
Tip Tanks: 2 x 84 Gallons (318 Litres)
External Lighting System:
NAV Green\Red on the tip tanks
Rotating RED Beacon on the top of the Vertical Fin
White NAV light on the Fuselage aft
Strobe Light on Fuselage belly
Landing lights on Tip tanks
Taxi light ahead of nose gear
Piaggio P-166CL2:
Reference Speeds:
MAX Speed @SL: 220 KIAS
MAX Speed @ 10000 FT: 205 KIAS
Cruise Speed (Fast): 180 KIAS @ 90% Throttle (3200 RPM, MP 45 InHg)
Climb Speed: 1200 ft\min @ 110 KIAS
3.3g Corner Speed: 155 KIAS
Engines:
Avco Lycoming IGSO-540-A1A, 6 cylinder, Injected Geared – Supercharged – Opposed Type, 380 HP.
Propellers:
2 x Hartzell HC-BZ30-2BL, 3-blade.
Ø 7.8 Ft (2.37 Meter)
MAX Beta: 65°
MIN Beta: 15°
Gear Reduction 2:1
Flaps:
Plain Type, MAX angle is 45°, 3
positions
Damage occurs at 205 KIAS
Blow-out at 220 KIAS
Landing Gear:
Retractable in 2 fairings under the
fuselage, having the old gear bays on the side of the fuselage replaced by two
windows
Be careful during taxi: avoid sharp and
sudden turns, steer smoothly and pay particular attention under heavy winds.
Scheme showing the new
gear installation
Weights:
Empty: 5952 lb (2700 Kg)
MAX at Takeoff: 8708 lb (3950 Kg)
Passengers:
11 + 2 Pilots. Certified
for single pilot operation.
Fuel Tank
Capacities:
Wing Tanks: 2 x 56 Gallons (211 Litres)
Tip Tanks: 2 x 84 Gallons (318 Litres)
External Lighting System:
NAV Green\Red on the tip tanks
Rotating RED Beacon on the top of the Vertical Fin
White NAV light on the Fuselage aft
Strobe Light on Fuselage belly
Landing lights on Tip tanks
Taxi light ahead of nose
Piaggio P-166DL3:
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Reference Speeds:
MAX Speed @SL: 225 KIAS
MAX Speed @ 10000 FT: 220 KIAS
Cruise Speed (Fast): 200 KIAS @ 80% Throttle
Climb Speed: 2400 ft\min @ 130 KIAS
3.3g Corner Speed: 155 KIAS
Engines:
Avco
Lycoming LTP-101A, Turboprop, 570 SHP.
Scheme showing the new
LTP-101 Engine
Propellers:
2 x Hartzell HC-B3TN-3DL/LT10282-9.5,
3-blade.
Ø 7.8 Ft
(2.37 Meter)
MAX
Beta: 45°
MIN Beta: 10.2°
Reverse MIN Beta: -14°
Feathered Beta: 79.3
Gear Reduction 17.6:1
Flaps:
Plain Type, MAX angle is 45°, 3
positions
Damage occurs at 205 KIAS
Blow-out at 220 KIAS
Weights:
Empty: 5952 lb (2700 Kg)
MAX at Takeoff: 9480 lb (4300 Kg)
Passengers:
X + 2 Pilots. Certified
for single pilot operation.
Passenger load varies depending on
internal arrangements.
Fuel Tank
Capacities:
Wing Tanks: 2 x 69 Gallons (261 Litres)
Tip Tanks: 2 x 87 Gallons (329 Litres)
Center Tank: 61 Gallons (231 Litres)
External Lighting
System:
NAV Green\Red on the tip tanks
STROBE Light on the top of the Vertical Fin
Rotating RED beacon on the Fuselage aft
Landing lights on Tip tanks
Taxi light ahead of nose gear
(versions APH have a taxi light on the nose wheel, and SEM a taxi light on the nose)
Piaggio P-166DP1:
Reference Speeds:
MAX Speed @SL: 250 KIAS
MAX Speed @ 10000 FT: 234 KIAS
Cruise Speed (Fast): 210 KIAS @ 80% Throttle
Climb Speed: 2400 ft\min @ 140 KIAS
3.3g Corner Speed: 155 KIAS
Engines:
Pratt & Whitney PT-6A-121, Turboprop,
615 SHP.
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Image showing the new
PT-6A-121 Engine
Propellers:
2 x Hartzell HC-B3TN-3DL/LT10282-9.5,
3-blade.
Ø 7.8 Ft
(2.37 Meter)
MAX
Beta: 45°
MIN Beta: 10.2°
Reverse MIN Beta: -14°
Feathered Beta: 79.3
Gear Reduction 17.6:1
Flaps:
Plain Type, MAX angle is 45°, 3
positions
Damage occurs at 205 KIAS
Blow-out at 220 KIAS
Weights:
Empty: 5952 lb (2700 Kg)
MAX at Takeoff: 9920 lb (4500 Kg)
Passengers:
X + 2 Pilots. Certified
for single pilot operation.
Passenger load varies depending on
internal arrangements.
Fuel Tank
Capacities:
WWing Tanks: 2 x 84 Gallons (318 Litres)
Tip Tanks: 2 x 87 Gallons (329 Litres)
Center Tank: 61 Gallons (125 Litres)
External Lighting
System:
NAV
Green\Red on the tip tanks
STROBE Light on the top of the Vertical
Fin
Rotating RED beacon on the Fuselage aft
Landing lights on Tip tanks
Taxi light ahead of nose gear